:root {
  --ink: #15191f;
  --muted: var(--ink);
  --paper: #f8f7f3;
  --white: #ffffff;
  --line: #dedbd1;
  --accent: #8c1d40;
  --accent-soft: #f4e9ed;
  --max: 1120px;
  --radius: 14px;
  --shadow: 0 12px 34px rgba(17, 24, 39, 0.06);
}

* { box-sizing: border-box; }
html { scroll-behavior: smooth; }
body {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--ink);
  background: var(--paper);
  font-family: Inter, ui-sans-serif, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", sans-serif;
  line-height: 1.62;
  font-weight: 500;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
}
a { color: inherit; }
button, a { -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; }
::selection { background: var(--accent); color: white; }

.skip-link { position: absolute; left: -9999px; top: 0; background: var(--ink); color: white; padding: 10px 14px; z-index: 999; }
.skip-link:focus { left: 8px; top: 8px; }
.section-shell { width: min(calc(100% - 40px), var(--max)); margin-inline: auto; }

.site-header {
  position: sticky;
  top: 0;
  z-index: 50;
  background: rgba(248, 247, 243, .91);
  backdrop-filter: blur(16px);
  border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(222, 219, 209, .85);
}
.nav-wrap {
  width: min(calc(100% - 40px), var(--max));
  margin: 0 auto;
  min-height: 66px;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 18px;
}
.brand { text-decoration: none; font-weight: 850; letter-spacing: -.05em; font-size: 1.28rem; }
.brand span { color: var(--accent); }
.site-nav { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 17px; font-size: .82rem; }
.site-nav a { text-decoration: none; color: var(--ink); transition: color .2s ease; }
.site-nav a:hover { color: var(--accent); }
.site-nav .nav-cv { color: white; background: var(--ink); padding: 7px 12px; border-radius: 999px; }
.menu-button { display: none; }

.hero {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.5fr) minmax(275px, .5fr);
  align-items: start;
  gap: 34px;
  padding-top: 34px;
  padding-bottom: 38px;
}
.eyebrow { margin: 0 0 7px; font-size: .69rem; font-weight: 800; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: .13em; color: var(--accent); }
.hero h1 {
  margin: 0;
  font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;
  font-size: clamp(1.85rem, 2.7vw, 2.18rem);
  letter-spacing: -.045em;
  line-height: 1;
  font-weight: 700;
}
.role { margin: 10px 0 11px; font-size: clamp(1rem, 1.5vw, 1.14rem); line-height: 1.35; color: var(--ink); }
 .hero-intro { max-width: 760px; margin: 0; font-size: .88rem; line-height: 1.58; color: var(--ink); }
 .hero-actions { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 9px; margin-top: 16px; }
.button { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; min-height: 40px; padding: 0 16px; border-radius: 999px; text-decoration: none; font-weight: 750; font-size: .86rem; }
.button.primary { background: var(--accent); color: white; }
.button.secondary { border: 1px solid #c9c6bd; background: rgba(255,255,255,.62); }
 .quick-links { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 9px; margin-top: 11px; font-size: .79rem; color: var(--muted); }
.quick-links a { text-underline-offset: 3px; }

.hero-card { overflow: hidden; border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: 14px; background: var(--white); box-shadow: 0 8px 24px rgba(17,24,39,.05); }
.portrait { aspect-ratio: 5 / 4; background: #e7e6e2; overflow: hidden; }
.portrait img { display: block; width: 100%; height: 100%; object-fit: cover; object-position: 50% 38%; }
 .hero-card-body { padding: 14px 15px 15px; }
.profile-section { margin: 0; }
.mini-label { display: block; margin: 0 0 7px; font-size: .63rem; font-weight: 850; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: .12em; color: var(--accent); }
.tag-list { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr)); gap: 6px; list-style: none; padding: 0; margin: 0; }
.tag-list li { display: flex; align-items: center; min-height: 37px; background: #f7f6f2; border: 1px solid #e2dfd6; border-left: 2px solid var(--accent); border-radius: 7px; padding: 6px 8px; font-size: .68rem; font-weight: 720; line-height: 1.2; }
.profile-toolkit { margin-top: 12px; padding-top: 11px; border-top: 1px solid #ecebea; }
.method-list { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 6px; }
.method-list span { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; min-height: 27px; padding: 4px 8px; border: 1px solid #e2dfd6; border-radius: 999px; background: #fff; color: var(--ink); font-size: .65rem; font-weight: 690; line-height: 1.15; }
.availability { display: flex; gap: 8px; align-items: center; padding-top: 11px; margin-top: 11px; border-top: 1px solid #ecebea; font-size: .72rem; color: var(--ink); }
.status-dot { width: 7px; height: 7px; border-radius: 50%; background: #2f8f5b; box-shadow: 0 0 0 4px rgba(47,143,91,.10); }

 .section { padding-top: 44px; padding-bottom: 44px; scroll-margin-top: 66px; }
.compact-section { padding-top: 42px; padding-bottom: 42px; }
.section-heading { max-width: 800px; margin-bottom: 18px; }
.compact-heading { margin-bottom: 16px; }
.research-heading { margin-bottom: 16px; }
.section-heading h2, .contact-section h2 {
  margin: 0 0 9px;
  font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;
  font-size: clamp(1.32rem, 1.85vw, 1.6rem);
  line-height: 1.08;
  letter-spacing: -.034em;
}
 .section-heading p:last-child { color: var(--muted); font-size: .9rem; line-height: 1.62; }

.education-list { border-top: 1px solid var(--line); }
.education-row {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr auto;
  gap: 28px;
  align-items: center;
  padding: 15px 0;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
}
.education-row h3 { margin: 0 0 2px; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 1.02rem; letter-spacing: -.012em; }
.education-row p { margin: 0; color: var(--muted); font-size: .86rem; }
.education-date { color: var(--accent); font-size: .78rem; font-weight: 800; white-space: nowrap; }
.education-primary h3 { color: var(--ink); }

 .experience-card { border-top: 1px solid var(--line); border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); padding: 19px 0; }
.experience-meta { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; gap: 24px; align-items: baseline; font-size: .9rem; }
.experience-meta span { color: var(--accent); font-size: .78rem; font-weight: 800; white-space: nowrap; }
.experience-role { margin: 7px 0 10px; color: var(--ink); font-weight: 700; font-size: .9rem; }
.experience-card > p:last-of-type { max-width: 880px; color: var(--muted); font-size: .9rem; }


 .feature-paper { position: relative; background: var(--white); border: 1px solid var(--line); border-top: 3px solid var(--accent); border-radius: 13px; padding: clamp(19px, 2.5vw, 26px); box-shadow: 0 8px 22px rgba(17,24,39,.04); }
.paper-kicker { color: var(--accent); text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: .13em; font-size: .68rem; font-weight: 850; }
 .feature-paper h3 { max-width: 920px; margin: 9px 0 7px; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: clamp(1.08rem, 1.45vw, 1.27rem); line-height: 1.24; letter-spacing: -.017em; }
.paper-authors { margin: 0 0 14px; color: var(--ink); font-size: .88rem; }
 .paper-summary { max-width: 930px; font-size: .86rem; line-height: 1.62; color: var(--ink); }
 .result-callout { margin: 18px 0; padding: 13px 15px; background: var(--accent-soft); border-left: 3px solid var(--accent); border-radius: 0 10px 10px 0; display: grid; gap: 4px; }
.result-callout span { text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: .11em; font-size: .63rem; font-weight: 850; color: var(--accent); }
 .result-callout strong { font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: .84rem; line-height: 1.46; }
.paper-links { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 14px; align-items: center; }
.text-button { appearance: none; border: 0; background: transparent; padding: 0; color: var(--accent); text-decoration: underline; text-decoration-thickness: 1px; text-underline-offset: 4px; font: inherit; font-size: .82rem; font-weight: 750; cursor: pointer; }
.abstract-panel { max-width: 940px; margin-top: 15px; padding-top: 15px; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); color: var(--ink); font-size: .86rem; line-height: 1.68; }
.abstract-panel p { margin: 0; }
 .subsection-heading { margin: 30px 0 12px; display: flex; align-items: end; justify-content: space-between; gap: 18px; }
 .subsection-heading h3 { margin: 0; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 1.15rem; letter-spacing: -.017em; }
.split-heading span { color: var(--muted); font-size: .78rem; }
.paper-list { border-top: 1px solid var(--line); }
 .paper-item { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 70px 1fr; gap: 16px; padding: 17px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }
.paper-year { font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 1rem; color: var(--accent); }
 .paper-content h4 { margin: 0 0 5px; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: .99rem; line-height: 1.32; }
.paper-content p { margin-top: 6px; font-size: .88rem; }
.journal { color: var(--ink); }
.paper-content .paper-summary { margin: 5px 0 8px; font-size: .86rem; line-height: 1.5; color: var(--ink); }
.paper-content .paper-summary + .paper-links { margin-top: 3px; }

.muted { color: var(--muted); }
 .project-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr); gap: 12px; }
.project-card { display: flex; flex-direction: column; background: #f3f2ed; border: 1px solid #ddd9ce; border-radius: 11px; padding: 17px; }
.project-status { color: var(--accent); text-transform: uppercase; font-size: .62rem; font-weight: 850; letter-spacing: .1em; }
 .project-card h4 { margin: 8px 0 6px; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: .96rem; line-height: 1.3; }
 .project-card p { color: var(--ink); font-size: .8rem; line-height: 1.54; }
.project-authors { margin: 0 0 7px !important; color: var(--accent) !important; font-size: .74rem !important; font-weight: 700; }
.project-method { margin-top: auto; padding-top: 13px; border-top: 1px solid #d9d5ca; color: var(--ink); font-size: .71rem; font-weight: 750; }

 .section-tint { background: #eeece6; border-radius: 14px; padding-left: clamp(18px, 3.5vw, 38px); padding-right: clamp(18px, 3.5vw, 38px); }
.timeline { border-top: 1px solid #d2cec2; }
 .timeline-item { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 145px 1fr; gap: 18px; padding: 16px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #d2cec2; }
.timeline-date { color: var(--accent); font-weight: 800; font-size: .8rem; }
.timeline-date span { color: var(--accent); font-weight: 800; }
 .timeline h3 { margin: 0 0 4px; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: .98rem; }
.timeline p { margin: 0; color: var(--ink); font-size: .87rem; }

 .skills-list { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 8px; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); padding-top: 15px; }
.skills-list span { border: 1px solid #d7d4ca; background: rgba(255,255,255,.56); border-radius: 999px; padding: 7px 12px; font-size: .8rem; font-weight: 720; color: var(--ink); }

.activity-list { border-top: 1px solid var(--line); }
 .activity-row { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 112px 1fr; gap: 17px; padding: 15px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }
.activity-row > span { color: var(--accent); font-size: .76rem; font-weight: 800; }
 .activity-row h3, .activity-row h4 { margin: 0 0 3px; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: .95rem; line-height: 1.32; }
.activity-row p { margin: 0; color: var(--muted); font-size: .84rem; }

.recognition-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr); gap: 12px; }
 .recognition-grid article { border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: 11px; background: rgba(255,255,255,.5); padding: 16px; }
.recognition-grid span { color: var(--accent); font-size: .7rem; font-weight: 800; }
 .recognition-grid h3 { margin: 5px 0 4px; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: .93rem; line-height: 1.32; }
.recognition-grid p { margin: 0; color: var(--muted); font-size: .8rem; }

 .service-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1.25fr .75fr; gap: 34px; }
.service-column > h3 { margin: 0 0 14px; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 1.13rem; }
.referee-journal { margin: 0 0 26px; padding: 13px 0 15px; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); color: var(--muted); font-size: .84rem; font-style: normal; }
.compact-list .activity-row { grid-template-columns: 100px 1fr; padding: 16px 0; }
.compact-list .activity-row h4 { font-size: .94rem; }

.reference-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr)); gap: 12px; }
 .reference-grid article { border-top: 2px solid var(--accent); background: rgba(255,255,255,.56); padding: 15px 14px; }
.reference-grid h3 { margin: 0 0 5px; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 1rem; }
.reference-grid p { margin: 0 0 8px; color: var(--muted); font-size: .78rem; }
.reference-grid a { color: var(--accent); font-size: .76rem; text-underline-offset: 3px; }

 .contact-section { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; gap: 44px; align-items: center; }
.contact-section > div:first-child > p:last-child { color: var(--muted); max-width: 540px; font-size: .9rem; }
.contact-card { background: var(--white); border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: 16px; padding: 23px; box-shadow: 0 12px 36px rgba(17,24,39,.05); }
.email-link { display: inline-block; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: clamp(1rem, 1.7vw, 1.25rem); text-decoration: none; color: var(--accent); }
.contact-card p { color: var(--ink); font-size: .86rem; }
.contact-actions { display: flex; gap: 16px; padding-top: 15px; margin-top: 15px; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); }
.contact-actions a { font-size: .8rem; font-weight: 750; text-underline-offset: 3px; }
.site-footer { min-height: 78px; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between; color: var(--muted); font-size: .8rem; }
.site-footer a { text-underline-offset: 3px; }

@media (max-width: 980px) {
  .menu-button { display: inline-flex; border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: 999px; background: white; padding: 7px 11px; font: inherit; font-size: .8rem; }
  .site-nav { position: absolute; top: 66px; left: 20px; right: 20px; display: none; flex-direction: column; align-items: stretch; gap: 0; background: white; border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: 14px; padding: 9px; box-shadow: var(--shadow); }
  .site-nav.open { display: flex; }
  .site-nav a { padding: 10px 11px; border-radius: 8px; }
  .site-nav .nav-cv { margin-top: 4px; text-align: center; }
  .hero { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 24px; padding-top: 34px; padding-bottom: 34px; }
  .hero-card { max-width: 500px; }
  .project-grid, .recognition-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .service-grid, .contact-section { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 38px; }
  .reference-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
}

@media (max-width: 680px) {
  .section-shell, .nav-wrap { width: min(calc(100% - 28px), var(--max)); }
  .hero { padding-top: 28px; padding-bottom: 30px; }
  .hero h1 { font-size: clamp(1.8rem, 8vw, 2.15rem); }
  .section { padding-top: 38px; padding-bottom: 38px; }
  .compact-section { padding-top: 36px; padding-bottom: 36px; }
  .education-row { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 5px; align-items: start; }
  .education-date { grid-row: 2; }
  .experience-meta { flex-direction: column; gap: 4px; align-items: flex-start; }
  .paper-item { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 6px; }
  .paper-year { font-size: .78rem; }
  .timeline-item { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 7px; }
  .activity-row, .compact-list .activity-row { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 5px; }
  .section-tint { border-radius: 14px; }
  .site-footer { flex-direction: column; justify-content: center; gap: 5px; }
  .site-footer p { margin: 0; }
}

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  html { scroll-behavior: auto; }
  *, *::before, *::after { transition-duration: .01ms !important; animation-duration: .01ms !important; }
}

/* v9: compact first-screen layout and tighter vertical rhythm */
.hero {
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.65fr) minmax(250px, .46fr);
  gap: 28px;
  padding-top: 24px;
  padding-bottom: 18px;
}
.hero-copy { padding-top: 2px; }
.hero h1 { font-size: clamp(1.8rem, 2.45vw, 2.08rem); }
.role { margin: 8px 0 10px; font-size: clamp(.98rem, 1.35vw, 1.08rem); }
.hero-intro { max-width: 780px; font-size: .85rem; line-height: 1.52; }
.hero-intro strong { color: var(--ink); font-weight: 720; }
.hero-actions { margin-top: 13px; }
.quick-links { margin-top: 9px; }

.hero-card { border-radius: 12px; }
.portrait { aspect-ratio: 16 / 10; }
.portrait img { object-position: 50% 35%; }
.hero-card-body { padding: 12px 13px 13px; }
.mini-label { margin-bottom: 6px; font-size: .61rem; }
.tag-list { gap: 5px; }
.tag-list li {
  min-height: 33px;
  padding: 5px 7px;
  font-size: .66rem;
  border-radius: 6px;
}
.profile-toolkit { margin-top: 9px; padding-top: 9px; }
.method-line {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--ink);
  font-size: .68rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: .005em;
}
.method-line span { color: var(--accent); padding: 0 4px; }
.method-items {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr);
  gap: 6px;
  list-style: none;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
}
.method-items li {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 8px;
  color: var(--ink);
  font-size: .70rem;
  line-height: 1.35;
  font-weight: 700;
}
.method-items li::before {
  content: "";
  width: 5px;
  height: 5px;
  flex: 0 0 5px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: var(--accent);
}
.method-list, .availability { display: none; }

.section { padding-top: 34px; padding-bottom: 34px; }
.compact-section { padding-top: 30px; padding-bottom: 30px; }
.section-heading { margin-bottom: 14px; }
.compact-heading, .research-heading { margin-bottom: 12px; }
.subsection-heading { margin: 24px 0 10px; }
.education-row { padding: 12px 0; }
.experience-card { padding: 15px 0; }
.paper-item { padding: 14px 0; }
.activity-row { padding: 12px 0; }
.timeline-item { padding: 13px 0; }
.recognition-grid article { padding: 13px; }
.reference-grid article { padding: 12px; }

@media (max-width: 980px) {
  .hero { gap: 20px; padding-top: 26px; padding-bottom: 22px; }
  .hero-card { max-width: 430px; }
}

@media (max-width: 680px) {
  .hero { padding-top: 22px; padding-bottom: 22px; }
  .section { padding-top: 30px; padding-bottom: 30px; }
  .compact-section { padding-top: 27px; padding-bottom: 27px; }
  .tag-list { grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; }
}

/* Methods sit beneath Research Fields within the portrait card. */
.profile-methods {
  margin-top: 12px;
  padding-top: 11px;
  border-top: 1px solid #ece8e0;
}
.profile-method-list {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
  gap: 6px;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  list-style: none;
}
.profile-method-list li {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  min-width: 0;
  min-height: 34px;
  padding: 6px 7px;
  border: 1px solid #e4e1d9;
  border-radius: 6px;
  background: #faf9f6;
  color: var(--ink);
  font-size: .65rem;
  font-weight: 680;
  line-height: 1.23;
}
@media (max-width: 980px) {
  .hero {
    grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr);
    gap: 22px;
  }
  .hero-card {
    width: 100%;
    max-width: 430px;
  }
}
@media (max-width: 680px) {
  .profile-method-list { gap: 6px; }
}

/* v10: cleaner single-title hierarchy in lower sections */
#teaching .section-heading, #presentations .section-heading, #awards .section-heading,
#service .section-heading, #references .section-heading, #skills .section-heading,
#research-experience .section-heading { margin-bottom: 12px; }
#teaching .section-heading h2, #presentations .section-heading h2, #awards .section-heading h2,
#service .section-heading h2, #references .section-heading h2, #skills .section-heading h2,
#research-experience .section-heading h2 { margin-bottom: 0; }
#service .service-column > h3 { margin-top: 2px; }
#contact.contact-section h2 { margin: 0 0 8px; }

/* v11: balanced academic homepage profile.
   Use one typographic system for research fields and methods. */
.hero {
  padding-top: 24px;
  padding-bottom: 12px;
}
.hero-copy { padding-top: 0; }
.hero h1 {
  margin-bottom: 4px;
  letter-spacing: -.035em;
}
.hero-card {
  box-shadow: 0 5px 18px rgba(17, 24, 39, .045);
}
.hero-card .portrait { aspect-ratio: 1.82; }
.hero-card-body { padding: 12px 14px 14px; }
.hero-card .mini-label {
  font-size: .65rem;
  font-weight: 760;
  letter-spacing: .1em;
  margin-bottom: 7px;
}
.hero-card .tag-list,
.hero-card .profile-method-list {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
  column-gap: 9px;
  row-gap: 7px;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  list-style: none;
}
.hero-card .tag-list li,
.hero-card .profile-method-list li {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  min-width: 0;
  min-height: 28px;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 2px 3px 2px 8px;
  border: 0;
  border-left: 2px solid var(--accent);
  border-radius: 0;
  background: transparent;
  color: var(--ink);
  font-family: inherit;
  font-size: .72rem;
  font-weight: 650;
  line-height: 1.28;
  letter-spacing: 0;
}
.hero-card .profile-methods {
  margin-top: 12px;
  padding-top: 11px;
  border-top: 1px solid #e5e1d9;
}
.hero + #education {
  padding-top: 19px;
}
@media (max-width: 980px) {
  .hero {
    grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr);
    gap: 22px;
    padding-bottom: 18px;
  }
  .hero + #education { padding-top: 23px; }
}
@media (max-width: 680px) {
  .hero { padding-top: 23px; }
  .hero-card { width: 100%; max-width: 360px; }
  .hero-card .tag-list li,
  .hero-card .profile-method-list li { font-size: .74rem; }
}

/* v12: simplified academic profile; no decorative lines or cramped columns. */
.hero-copy .role {
  white-space: nowrap;
}
.hero-card .profile-section {
  margin: 0;
}
.hero-card .profile-terms {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--ink);
  font-size: .78rem;
  line-height: 1.65;
  font-weight: 550;
  overflow-wrap: normal;
}
.hero-card .profile-fields .mini-label,
.hero-card .profile-methods .mini-label {
  margin-bottom: 5px;
}
.hero-card .profile-methods {
  margin-top: 14px;
  padding-top: 0;
  border-top: 0;
}
@media (max-width: 980px) {
  .hero-copy .role { white-space: normal; }
}

/* v13: Research introduction and areas are arranged with the portrait
   in a balanced two-column academic profile. */
.hero {
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) 260px;
  gap: clamp(26px, 3.4vw, 48px);
  align-items: start;
  padding-bottom: 12px;
}
.hero-copy { min-width: 0; }
.hero-copy .hero-intro {
  max-width: 790px;
  font-size: .87rem;
  line-height: 1.56;
}
.hero-photo {
  width: 100%;
  border-radius: 11px;
}
.hero-photo .portrait {
  aspect-ratio: 4 / 5;
}
.hero-photo .portrait img {
  object-position: 50% 41%;
}
.hero-expertise {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
  column-gap: 30px;
  row-gap: 14px;
  max-width: 800px;
  margin-top: 21px;
  padding-top: 15px;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
}
.expertise-group { min-width: 0; }
.expertise-label {
  margin: 0 0 7px;
  color: var(--accent);
  font-size: .65rem;
  font-weight: 780;
  letter-spacing: .09em;
  line-height: 1.3;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}
.expertise-text {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--ink);
  font-size: .79rem;
  line-height: 1.65;
  font-weight: 550;
}
.hero + #education { padding-top: 19px; }
@media (min-width: 740px) and (max-width: 980px) {
  .hero { grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) 215px; gap: 24px; }
  .hero-photo { max-width: none; }
  .hero-copy .role { white-space: normal; }
  .hero-expertise { column-gap: 16px; }
}
@media (max-width: 739px) {
  .hero { grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr); gap: 19px; }
  .hero-photo { width: 100%; max-width: 310px; }
  .hero-expertise { gap: 16px; }
}
@media (max-width: 480px) {
  .hero-expertise { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 15px; }
  .hero-copy .role { white-space: normal; }
}

/* Consistent presentation of research grants and publication status. */
.grant-grid article p + p { margin-top: 8px; }
.grant-grid article p strong { font-weight: 700; color: var(--ink); }
.grant-grid article h3 { font-size: 1rem; line-height: 1.35; }
.paper-year .pub-status { display: block; font-family: Inter, ui-sans-serif, sans-serif; font-size: .59rem; font-weight: 680; letter-spacing: -.03em; line-height: 1.5; }

/* Grants and forthcoming styles */
.grant-grid article p + p { margin-top: 8px; }
.grant-grid article p strong { font-weight: 700; color: var(--ink); }
.grant-grid article h3 { font-size: 1rem; line-height: 1.35; }
.paper-year .pub-status { display: block; font-family: Inter, ui-sans-serif, sans-serif; font-size: .59rem; font-weight: 680; letter-spacing: -.03em; line-height: 1.5; }

/* Research section navigation mirrors the CV section order. */
.research-subnav {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 10px 22px;
  margin: 0 0 16px;
  padding: 0 0 14px;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
}
.research-subnav a {
  color: var(--ink);
  font-size: .84rem;
  font-weight: 720;
  text-decoration: underline;
  text-decoration-color: var(--accent);
  text-underline-offset: 5px;
  text-decoration-thickness: 1px;
}
.research-subnav a:hover,
.research-subnav a:focus-visible {
  color: var(--accent);
}
#research .subsection-heading h3 {
  font-size: 1.24rem;
}
#publications, #papers-under-review, #research-in-progress {
  scroll-margin-top: 90px;
}
#research .research-subnav + .subsection-heading {
  margin-top: 9px;
}

/* Research grants: emphasize the researcher's name only, without other bold details. */
.grant-grid article > span,
.grant-grid article h3,
.grant-grid article p { font-weight: 400; }
.grant-grid article p strong { font-weight: 700; }

/* Paper titles and researcher names use one consistent emphasis system. */
#research .feature-paper h3,
#research .paper-content h4,
#research .project-card h4 {
  font-weight: 700;
}
#research .paper-authors strong,
#research .project-authors strong {
  font-weight: 700;
}
#grants .grant-grid article h3 {
  font-weight: 400;
}
#grants .grant-grid article p strong {
  font-weight: 700;
}

/* Keep forthcoming publication status regular weight, matching the CV. */
#research .paper-year,
#research .paper-year .pub-status { font-weight: 400; }